feat(cli): 1.28.0 — bridge deletion + daemon-policy flags

drop the orphaned bridge tier (~600 LoC). client/server/protocol
files deleted; tryBridge had returned null in production for seven
releases since the 1.24.0 mcp shim rewrite stopped opening the
sockets. each verb now has two paths: daemon (with 1.27.3's
auto-spawn) → cold ws.

add per-process daemon policy: --strict (error instead of cold
fallback) and --no-daemon (skip daemon entirely). enforcement at
withMesh so a single chokepoint covers every verb. env equivalents
CLAUDEMESH_STRICT_DAEMON / CLAUDEMESH_NO_DAEMON. flag wins.

net -394 loc; the daemon-up case ships ~600 loc lighter and the
fallback story is one tier simpler. first sprint A drop; per-session
ipc tokens and the wizard refactors follow in 1.29.0+.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

apps/cli/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "claudemesh-cli",
-  "version": "1.27.3",
+  "version": "1.28.0",
   "description": "Peer mesh for Claude Code sessions — CLI + MCP server.",
   "keywords": [
     "claude-code",